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Adieus Mig 21, Slayer of F 16

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Retired Finnish MiG-21bis on top of Verkkokauppa store in Helsinki (Tyynenmerenkatu 11) India and Indian Air Force has finally retired the legendary MiG 21 on 25 September 2025 after over 63 years of glorious service. Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet Singh, as part of farewell ceremonies visited No. 23 Squadron “Panthers”, the last squadron or operational unit flying the Soviet-origin fighter in the nation. The last flight of the jet was conducted at Nal airbase, Rajasthan by current Air Chief Marshal who flew the single seater variant of the MiG 21 Bison, a significantly upgraded and uprated variant of MiG 21 Bis, the last major upgraded variant of the aircraft developed by Soviet Union. One of the MiG-21 sorties ACM Singh flew was in a formation, led by Squadron Leader Priya Sharma, who is among the over the over 20 women fighter pilots in the IAF who are also flu Su30 MKI and Rafales. The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (Russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-21; NATO repor...
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Evolution of Scramjet & Its Future

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Scramjet  or supersonic combustion ramjet is an ramjet airbreathing jet engine variant where combustion takes place in supersonic airflow. As in ramjets, a scramjet relies on high vehicle speed to compress the incoming air forcefully before combustion (hence  ram jet), but whereas a ramjet decelerates the air to subsonic velocities before combustion using shock cones, a scramjet has no shock cone and slows the airflow using shockwaves produced by its ignition source in place of a shock cone. This allows the scramjet to operate efficiently at extremely high speeds. Although scramjet engines have been used in a handful of operational military vehicles, scramjets have so far mostly been demonstrated in research test articles and experimental vehicles. History Before 2000 The Bell X-1 attained supersonic flight in 1947 and, by the early 1960s, rap...
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